Development. Genetic and environmental variables interact with important developmental phases in a person’s life to determine addiction risk. Although consuming drugs at any age can lead to addiction, the earlier that drug use begins, the more likely it will escalate to addiction. This is particularly problematic for teens. Because areas in their brains that control decision-making, judgement, and self-control are still developing, teens may be especially prone to risky behaviours, including trying drugs.
As with most other chronic disorders, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease, therapy for drug addiction often isn’t a cure. However, addiction is curable and may be effectively treated. People who are recovering from an addiction will be at risk for relapse for years and maybe for their whole lives. Research suggests that combining addiction treatment drugs with behavioural therapy gives the highest probability of recovery for most people. Treatment options customised to each patient’s drug use habits and any co-occurring physical, mental, and social issues can lead to ongoing recovery.
More good news is that drug usage and addiction are avoidable. Results from NIDA-funded studies have indicated that preventive programmes including families, schools, communities, and the media are successful for preventing or lowering drug use and addiction. Although personal events and cultural variables impact drug usage patterns, when young individuals regard drug use as hazardous, they tend to minimise their drug using. Therefore, education and outreach are crucial in helping individuals realise the probable consequences of drug usage. Teachers, parents, and health care professionals have essential responsibilities in teaching young people and avoiding drug use and addiction.
Points to Remember: Drug addiction is a chronic condition defined by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to stop, despite severe effects.
